ABSTRACT:
An automatic hand drier is a type of drier which works automatically only when the pipe goes off, the drier starts working at the same position were the tap is closed. This type of automatic hand drier is a modified form of hand drier which is already present in the market ,in the name of driers, where the equipment would be placed separately from the pipe, after washing the hands the person should go and stand separately / or search for it.
These kind of problems are solved by having the (AHD) ,here the main difference is only after closing the tap , the drier which is placed above starts working and when the person moves from that particular place the drier puts off.
This is advantageous when compared to the former method, in the way that the drier starts working only if the pipe is closed. This plays a major role in water saving methodology.
Even the person’s who are not aware of the hand driers would come to know about these type of driers, because whenever the tap get’s closed the drier starts automatically. This method aids in drying the hands even if the tap is not used, which adds the function of the traditional hand driers.
2) LINE FOLLOWING ROBOT
This project was initiated to learn the working of an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) and it application in the manufacturing industries. The robot was constructed to trace a black line in a white background. It consisted of three components namely sensors, chassis and control system.
Light Detecting Resistors coupled with a pair of white light emitting diodes were used as the sensors used to trace the black line. The chassis was made up acrylic. The driving system chosen for the robot was a two wheel drive were the two wheels were coupled to the geared D.C motors which had a voltage rating of 12V and the output of the motor was 100 r.p.m..
A third wheel was used as a supporting wheel for the chassis. The robot controlled using a ULN2003A I.C. which was a bipolar junction transistor. The resistance of the light detecting resistor varies according to the light incident on the resistor.
Usually a bright surface reflects the light incident on it whereas the black surface absorbs the light incident on the surface. The change in resistance due to the change in black and white surfaces is used to control the robot. The input from the sensor is given to the I.C. to switch the motors accordingly. The main advantage of this system is that the control is purely based upon logic and input from the sensors and no microcontrollers are required to analyse the output of the sensors.
3) SELF LAVATORY SERVICE
The circuit of “self lavatory service” basically consists of microcontroller being connected to many relays for switching the motors and other inputs. The input consists of two touch sensors, one of which is used to sense if the person is seated on the toilet or not. The other one is used to sense the droppings.
Once the first sensor enables the first switch gets energized and the controller gets interrupted with a input to the port B (RB0) which is an external interrupt. The second sensor is connected to the port B (RB4-RB7) port B change interrupt.
4 MHz crystal is connected to the pin number 16 and 17 via capacitor 22pf capacity and is being grounded. The port b change interrupt is also connected to the port D in order to ease the controller programming.
Delays are created then and there in order to check whether the person has interrupted by dropping. If he has interrupted then signal will flow from the circuit to the port B change interrupt pin. On continuously interrupting for the particular time limit and if suppose there is no interruptions then port A gets enabled.
If there is interruption in between the loop then again loop starts from the first and will run. So finally according to the previous condition the port A gets enabled and motor connected to it will run.
Image of the project:
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